Arrival of the first Canadian Pacific transcontinental passenger train at Port Moody, British Columbia, July 4, 1886.

train: 19th century passenger train. Photograph. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://www.school.ebonline.com/eb/art-36569>.


Technology of the Americas-

Changes Towards the Turn of the Century 1850-1914

The Steam Engine (1606-1960)

Benefits

- The steam engine gave rise to major advancement in industrial development

- This invention lead the the invention of the combustion engine

- It was a huge surge in industry

- It was soon used to be placed on a vehicle, which led to some steam-powered transportation (for a brief time)

- Steam locomotives and steam paddle boats started to appear.

- First steamship was invented that help provided transportation for the people

Negative Consequences

- The fuels used to generate the steam engines. Coals and oil and most common and polluting.

- Steam powered ships were slow, they only travelled at an average speed of 5 miles per hour

The First Airplane

Benefits

- Had led to the second improved aircraft.. so on

- Became a test bed for later aircraft

- Promote idea of wing wrapping and ailerons

- Lightweight, cheap to build

- Although it could only fly short distances, it is still faster than the boat.

Negative Consequences

- The first airplanes were dangerous as they were not that stable - The flight time were short (around 60m), so it could crash anytime - Small wings in the front of the main wings (canards) caused over pitch problem - Easily destroyed hazardous for fire (made out of wood)

Telephone

Benefits

- After this invention by Johann Philipp Reis (earliest telephone maker) in 1860 there were more developments (such as Alexander Bell created another version of the telephone in 1876) (benefited the entire US) Example: After this invention, many scientists were interested on this topic so there were many developments of a better telephone - Benefited the US citizens, because they were able to communicate with people far away. They didn’t have to mail things so talking to people was a lot more efficient and directNegative Consequences

- Mailing business wasn’t as good as before

Electric FanBenefits- Schuyler Skaats Wheeler, because he was awarded the John Scott Medal of The Franklin Institute in 1904 then he was the president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers- It benefits the citizens of America, because they didn’t have fans before, so life would be quite hot in the places close to the equator. With this fan, they would feel a lot cooler in the summer

Negative Consequences

- Affects the environment, because you need electricity to produce the fan and make the fan work

Microscope

Benefits

- Started fighting diseases and discovering cures on the cellular level - Nearly all disease are caused by microscopic life forms (ex. bacteria) - Dramatically improved public health - Many parts of the body (ex. cells) are microscopic and the microscope allowed researchers discover a whole new world

Negative Consequences

- It encouraged many programs to attempt improving sanitaion in public areas that took year and lots of finacial effort to complete - The microscope questioned the church’s belief and power - Many people refused to believe there was a microscopic world

Textile Production in Europe to South America

Benefits

- The people of Mexico benefited from the cheap textiles and clothing

- The firms from Europe benefited because they got a lot of customers from SA

Negative Consequences

South America lost a lot of its home market, which meant that people from Mexico weren’t buying local products

Typewriter

Benefits

- It benefited people all around the world, because it speed up communication.

- It benefited America, because it conducted its foreign relations.

- It benefited women, because it gave them for a chance to work. Since the typist has a low paid job, and the men didn’t wanted to be one because the wages were too low.

Negative Consequences

- The consequences are that there may be lacking in privacy. Since the clerk, not the person who signed the message would have to turn out the typed message.

Industrial Expansion

Benefits

- Employers got more output from the workers and became more efficient

Negative Consequences

- Workers had to work longer

- Many more workers got sick and deaths occured

- More accidents happened because of the lack of safety

Social and Political Events of the Americas

The Abolition of Slavery (1870)

Benefits

- This actually made the northern states more industrilized

- This also benefited the slaves as they do not have to work in plantations under harsh and inhumane conditions

- Slaves also started to get paid/jobs (rare)

- As South were more focused on agriculture and North on industrilization, The northern states could trade/import goods to the South

Negative Consequences

- The southern states still required slaves as their economy depended on the slaves who were not paid.

- The abolition of slavery started the civil war (killed a lot of people)

- The slaves (mostly black) were still being discriminated

- Since the slaves were being sold like items, the slave holder/traders was not able to earn the middle money anymore.

American Civil War

Benefits

- The Union benefited because they were portrayed as the heroes of America even though the southern states would have eventually returned to the US because they couldn’t support them selves on their own without industrializing.
- The slaves benefited because shortly after the war, the Thirteenth Amendment was passed abolishing slavery in the US.

Negative Consequences

- The southern states that was still mostly agricultural didn’t have the cheap labor for their farms. Producing goods in the south became much more expensive. - The south had lost many men and the war had destroyed much of its wealth - Income in the south dropped to less than 40% then the north. This lasted way into the 20th century.

The Sand Creek MassacreBenefits-Americans because they really wanted the land Negative Consequences-Indian Tribes loss a lot of lives -They loss chiefs example: Black Kettle -Tribes loss more than half their population -Because of this massacre, their system was messed up causing CholeraHaymarket Square Riot Benefits- Policemen were viewed as martyrs - Benefits the workers because they also had power, by banding together and forming a union called the Knights of Labor Negative Consequences- Many policemen died - Workers were viewed as violent anarchists - Owners of companies and factories faced negative consequences because they had to cater to the workers’ demands or they would strike or protestSpanish American War 1898Benefits- 1895 Spanish had rule of Cuba - After the fighting ended in August 12 1898, Spanish recognized Cuban independence - America gained Phillipines as an entrepot for Far Eastern trade

Negative consequences

- 1895, sugar from Cuba wasn’t being purchased by US - 1895, Cubans wanted to kick Spain out of Cuba - 1898, The USS Maine sank and many crewmen died and suffered injuries - Spain lost the Phillipines
Red River War

Benefits

-Helped alert sympathizers to the harsh treatment of the American Indians by the U.S. government

-Opened new possibilities of cooperation between the army and the Indian Bureau

-Taught the army, if given free control and adequate force, they could successfully operate against American Indians

-Red River War was the last time killing of the bison herd

-Settlement of the Texas Panhandle by whites

Negative Consequences

- Killed few Indians but capturing and slaughtering about fourteen hundred horses

- Indians got defeated and seventy four American Indians, who were leaders to this war were imprisoned in Florida, this forces the southern Plains tribes to accept the fact that they could not freely roam around the buffalo plains

> Hornblower Jonathan’s Compound steam engine










> Steam Engine vehicle that was used for a brief period of time around the Victorian era











> Steam locomotive that helped transport goods and people










> the first airplane




> accidents with the airplane

===============================


























Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution






















Former Vice President of the Confederate States of America Alexander H. Stephens with a servant, formerly a slave






























> Reis Telephone 1860






















Bell's telephone in 1876








- Wheeler's electric fan




































Thirteenth Amendment

















Knights of Labor Seal

















Power Loom for Producing Textiles





















Spanish-American War





















First Electric Typewriter




















Manual Typewriter



















Bison Hunt































U.S. Army with Southern Plains Indians during war






















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Slavery_in_the_United_States>.

"Slavery in America." History. A&E Television Networks, LLC., 2011. Web. 29 Aug.
2011. <http://www.history.com/topics/slavery>.

North, South, and Central America, and the Greater and the Lesser Antilles

The following sites can be used to find examples that can be applied in either question 1 and 2. It's up to you to figure out how they best fit.
Most importantly, practice explaining how.

Industrialization in Canada

Industrialization in America

Technology and social change in America

Changes in late 19th Century America by wiki

Instances of American Imperialism

Revolutions Timeline SA

Revolution in South and Central America

Choose events and explain how they relate to the question of change in SA

Industrialization and foreign companies in SA

Tech and Culture in the USA

Industrialization in SA

Imperialism and the US

20th Cent America